Greenland – All the species of sharks are not protected and some could become useful as biofuel.
The Greenland shark is one of the most common species of sharks and is a nuisance to fishermen. Its meat is indeed toxic to humans. Researchers hope it may now be used as biofuel.
Thousands of these sharks are caught in fishing nets and die needlessly every year because they are discarded dead in the water. They are very large, comparable in size to that of the great white shark: they weigh a ton and …

The following concepts are fundamental to understanding and treating enzymopathies:
1. Enzymopathies are almost always recessive. Most enzymes are produced in quantities significantly in excess of minimal biochemical requirements, so that heterozygotes with about 50 Percent of residual activity are clinically normal. In fact, many enzymes may maintain normal  and product levels with activities of less than 10 percent. The enzymes of porphyrin synthesis are exceptions, an observation which is understandable when it is recognized that they can each limit the rate of porphyrin synthesis.
2. Substrate accumulation or product deficiency. Because …

The previous mapping methods were indirect in that they provide information on the physical location of a gene on a particular chromosome but without actually visualizing the gene’s map position. A more direct approach is in situ hybridization, which involves hybridizing DNA (or RNA) probes directly to metaphase chromosomes spread on a slide and visualizing the hybridization signal (and thus the location of the gene to which the probe hybridizes) under a microscope.
The DNA in metaphase chromosomes is denatured in place (hence, in situ) on the slide, and hybridization of …

USA – The approval of a new DNA test was presented as the most reliable and least expensive, is controversial in the market for this type of testing where competition is fierce.
PathAway Genomics, located in San Diego, California, offers a new DNA test to approximately € 176 to determine the potential risks of diseases such as diabetes or Alzheimer’s disease. If the test receives federal and local approval in the United States, orders from abroad will be huge.
The test is bought on Internet, the provided kit makes it possible to …

Japan – A team from Waseda University created the first adhesive ultrafine bandage for treating organs, a biodegradable membrane which dissolves in the body as the wound closes.
This dressing is almost transparent, measure seventy-five billionths of a meter thick and can cover the internal wounds until they close naturally. This adhesive membrane is designed using chitosan, a substance from the exoskeletons of crab, and a gelatin extracted from algae. Both materials promote healing and do not cause allergies.
While being thin, the dressing is also very flexible. Dr. Fujie explained that …